What is? PCB assemble? It is an abbreviation for printed circuit board assembly, i.e SMT After assembly or immersion coating process PCB The production process is called PCBA perhaps PCB'A。

PCB and PCBA What's the difference?

PCB It is a type of printed circuit board, known as a "printed" circuit board, because it is made through electronic printing. It is an empty printed circuit board without any parts, which is an important electronic component in the electronics industry and has been widely used in the production of electronic products.

PCBA Generally refers to a processing flow, which can also be understood as a finished product pcb Board, that is to say, only in pcb The counting can only be done after the completion of the process. The above is PCB and PCBA The difference.

SMT and dip They are all methods of integrating components on circuit boards. The main difference lies in SMT No need to be there PCB Drill a hole, but during immersion, the pins need to be inserted into the hole.

SMT（ Surface mount technology mainly uses mounting machines to install micro and small components on circuit boards. The production process is PCB Positioning, solder paste printing, installation of installation machines, reflow soldering furnaces, and inspection.

dip It is a type of 'plugin', which refers to PCB Insert parts onto the board. When certain parts are too large to install technology, it is a plug-in integrated part. Its main production processes include backing adhesive, plug-in, inspection, wave soldering, brushing board, and finished product inspection.

due to IC、 Components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and connectors must be soldered together PCB Only then can it become a finished product, therefore PCB It can only be regarded as a component.

What is? pcba And its components

Electronic components are PCBA The core components of the board can be classified into the following categories based on their functions and installation methods:

Plug in components: Plug in components are made by inserting pins PCB Components connected by sockets on the board, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc. These components are usually larger and suitable for situations that require withstanding high currents and voltages.

Chip components: Chip components are installed by soldering on PCB A component on the board, such as SOT、SOP、QFP packaged IC Chips, chip resistors, chip capacitors, etc. These components are small in size and light in weight, suitable for high-density and miniaturized electronic products.

BGA Components: BGA（ The ball grid array (BGA) component is a type of component that is welded onto spherical pins PCB The components on the board are usually used in high-end electronic products such as processors, graphics cards, etc. BGA The components have a large number of pins, high density, and high requirements for soldering processes and equipment. It is necessary to use during the installation of electronic components SMT Automated installation of equipment. SMT The equipment includes surface mount machines, welding machines, testing machines, etc., which can achieve efficient and accurate installation and welding of electronic components.

PCB give PCBA

PCBA manufacturing process

Procurement of electronic components- PCB Prototype manufacturing- SMT Surface mount- DIP Plug in - Circuit Assembly Testing - Finished Product Assembly

PCB Need electronic components and consumables

Printed circuit boards, electronic components, welding wires, solder paste, welding rods, solder preforms (depending on the type of soldering), oxide powders, soldering platforms, wave soldering machines SMT Equipment, testing equipment

PCB Welding manufacturing

iPCB Provide complete and partial information PCB Assembly manufacturing. In complete assembly manufacturing, we are responsible for production, material procurement, online order tracking, incoming material certification/quality inspection, and final assembly. In some manufacturing processes, you can order it yourself PCB Let's do the rest with some data.

how to get PCB One stop consultation for assembly manufacturing?

BOM Please provide your quotation BOM Send along with the quantity to be produced to iPCB， We will provide you with a quotation within 24 hours. The bill of materials must include quantity, tag number, manufacturer name, and manufacturer model.

Before delivery, we will conduct various tests on it.

-Visual inspection: General quality inspection

- X Radiographic testing: inspection BGA、QFN Whether there are short circuit cold welding or bubble problems in other welding processes.

-Automatic optical inspection: Check for virtual soldering, short circuits, missing parts, polarity reversal, etc.

-Online testing

-Functional testing (based on the testing steps you provided)

PCB Assembly features:

Highly integrated feature: It achieves high integration of electronic components, gathering many components on a small circuit board. This feature not only reduces the size and weight of electronic products, but also plays a key role in improving product performance and reliability.

Automated production process: Its production process fully utilizes SMT SMT machine, reflow soldering furnace, and AOI Automated production equipment and processes such as testing equipment.

Powerful customization capability: It can be customized according to the design and production requirements of different electronic products. Whether it is the functionality, performance, or size of electronic products, it can be achieved by selecting suitable electronic components and PCB Customize the board.

Stable and reliable quality: Its production process undergoes strict quality control and inspection, including raw material inspection, production process inspection, and finished product inspection, to ensure stable and reliable quality, which can fully meet the long-term stable operation needs of electronic products.

PCBA

Even in the prototype stage, complete PCBA It is also our core business. We utilize our professional knowledge and resources to provide you with one-stop assembly services, such as prototype production, material procurement, and manufacturing. If you need to weld specific equipment, we will also provide such services.

avoid buying PCB The trouble of components allows you to focus on PCB Assembly design. Our procurement team will purchase more components from the same supplier and use the best methods to complete the procurement task. We will do it through smaller BOM Select the quantity to optimize packaging (with straps, tubes, bulk, etc.) to reduce costs. We have the ability to handle difficult to order data and outdated components. Based on your BOM The data model and manufacturer's purchase data in. Don't worry about the danger of any substitute data. We will not change your design. Alternative data will also receive your permission before use.

The price of the entire service includes welding costs, skateboard costs, and material procurement costs. The quotation for electronic components comes from Digi-key、Mouser、Avnet、arrow、future、Newark Or designate a supplier. We do not charge any purchase fees.

We understand the importance of on-time delivery. exist PCB During the manufacturing process, material procurement is also carried out simultaneously. We will review engineering and component issues before welding. If there are no difficult to order components or file errors, a complete set PCB Assembly and manufacturing usually take two weeks.

DFM It is very necessary for batch welding. We will review your Gerber Archives BOM、 Assemble files and circuit diagrams to prevent any engineering issues. As a supplier of electronic outsourcing services, we will provide reasonable solutions PCB Assembly and convenient welding operations to reduce costs. We also recommend using solder mask windows to achieve high yields and prevent short-circuit bridges. Before we purchase data, we will review your component list and PCB Conduct a comprehensive matching check on the archives. This can effectively avoid cost waste and delivery delays.

Similarly, even in small-scale welding, DFM They should also participate in circuit design. There are multiple probe testing models and testing limitations to choose from. You will receive our professional guidance on how to distinguish test points. Through your troubleshooting guide, diagnostic testing, and related documentation, we can conduct comprehensive testing on your circuit board to meet your testing requirements.

We have multiple methods to make your batch welding risk-free. In our comprehensive service, all PCB All have undergone electrical testing. Welding others PCBA Before the board, we can also send you some boards for testing. X Radiographic testing is used for detection BGA The soldering quality of components without extended pins. We can solve all welding problems before delivery.

We will strive to reduce the cost of large-scale production. We will compare the data prices of large suppliers and choose high-quality, low-priced suppliers to reduce material costs. We have established strong relationships with large suppliers, providing competitive prices while maintaining quality. We guarantee that you will receive good quality, reasonable prices, and timely delivery services in our full range of products.

PCBA test

PCB Assembly test

It refers to a device based on electronic components PCB Test the conductivity and input-output values of the assembled board.

Why test?

exist PCB In design, there is a numerical relationship between different test points, such as voltage and current. However, PCBA The production and processing process is very complex, including many important links, such as PCB Manufacturing process, component procurement and inspection SMT Chip assembly, etc. During the production process, various problems may arise due to improper equipment or operation. Therefore, it is necessary to use professional testing equipment or manual multimeters to test the test points to verify whether they actually meet the design requirements and ensure that each product will not have quality problems.

Testing is a crucial step in ensuring production and delivery quality. FCT The testing fixture is made according to the customer's designed testing point program and testing steps, and then PCB Assembly board placed in FCT Complete the test on the testing rack.

PCB Assembly testing principle

pass through FCT Test bench connection PCBA Test points on the board form a complete path, connect the computer and recorder, and upload MCU The program will capture user input actions (such as long pressing a switch for 3 seconds) and control the on/off of nearby circuits (such as LED Flashing), or by operating the rotating motor. By observation FCT The entire test is completed by testing the voltage and current values between the test points on the test bench, and verifying whether these input and output actions comply with the design.

How to Test PCBA Board?

1. Manual testing

Manual testing involves direct visual testing and confirmation through visual comparison PCB Installation of components on. This technology is widely used. However, due to the large quantity and small components, this method is becoming increasingly unsuitable. In addition, some functional defects are not easy to detect and data is not easy to collect. Therefore, more professional testing methods are needed.

2. Automatic Optical Inspection (AOI)

Automatic optical testing, also known as automatic visual testing, is conducted by specialized testing equipment. It has a good effect on polarity inspection of components before and after reflow soldering. Easy to track diagnosis is a common method, but this approach is less effective in identifying short circuits.

3. Flying needle tester

Due to advances in mechanical accuracy, speed, and reliability, needle testing has been widely welcomed in the past few years. In addition, the requirements of prototype manufacturing and low yield manufacturing for testing systems with fast conversion and fixture free capabilities make flying pin testing the best choice.

4. Functional testing

This is specific PCB Or specific unit testing methods, completed by dedicated equipment. Functional testing mainly includes final product testing and thermal modeling.

5. Manufacturing Defect Analyzer (MDA)

The main advantages of this testing method are low initial cost, high output, easy tracking and diagnosis, and fast and complete short-circuit and open circuit testing. The disadvantage is that functional testing cannot be conducted, there is usually no indication of test coverage, fixtures must be used, and testing costs are high.

How are electronic components placed PCB Formed on the board PCB Assembled?

Currently, the mainstream assembly method is SMT（ Surface mount technology) assembly. It first prints solder paste on an empty board, and then sticks electronic components onto it PCB Up, flow through the reflow soldering furnace, and paste the components onto the surface through solder paste soldering PCB Up there.

Some that need to be impregnated PCB The components will use wave soldering technology. Generally speaking, there are some heavier electronic components on the assembly board that require external force to insert and pull. These components are not technically impossible to manufacture SMD Components, or SMD The price of the components does not meet market expectations, or some components must be inserted and pulled by external force when used by end customers. They will be designed as through-hole components, that is, impregnated, and then soldered to them through a wave soldering furnace PCB Up there.

One-Stop PCB Assembly/ PCBA manufacture

PCB The assembly manufacturing and design process is ipcb Provide practical technological solutions based on customer design concepts, analyze product market positioning, and provide functional recommendations, various lists, and reports. It can help customers make the product more adaptable to market demand while meeting product functionality.

1. Provide testing programs. During the manufacturing and design process, ipcb We will provide users with testing programs for circuit board design and manufacturing, set test points on the board, or conduct general functional testing, and use a professional testing bench to test the stability, noise, path, etc. of the board to ensure the quality of the manufacturing process. After the sample production is completed, functional and stability tests are conducted, including waterproof, drop, noise, etc. After the sample design is approved, mass production will be carried out.

2. Provide DFM report In the manufacturing and design process, engineers will analyze the structure of the circuit board and provide constructive suggestions to make it conform to the manufacturing process, improve product quality, and then provide corresponding solutions according to user requirements DFM report

3. Optimize in the actual procurement process BOM The manufacturing and design in the bill of materials often have components that cannot meet the process requirements. At this point, the engineer will propose optimization suggestions and alternatives BOM Data solutions to ensure that data does not affect while maintaining maximum consistency in technical parameters PCBA The function of the board.

For your PCB assembly design

ours SMT The welding process is carefully matched to ensure it meets your design and limitations. We will provide based on what you have provided SMT PCB Assembly files provide some information DFT Suggestion, but everything is up to you. To complete SMT Assembly, we are happy to collaborate with your engineers. We strictly follow SMT Welding requirements processing SMD Components. We have high production requirements for precise control of reflow soldering.

To detect SMD The quality of solder joints, we use X Radiographic testing. For example, QFN、DFN、BGA Waiting for leadless packaging, visual inspection cannot fully detect soldering issues, but 3 D X Radiographic testing can reveal many things SMT Welding issues, this is BGA Especially important in welding.

If you need to learn more detailed information PCBA Design and manufacturing opinions, please click to download- PCBA DFM

How to find the best PCB Assembly manufacturer

Many customers are confused about how to choose a manufacturer because they don't know where to start making the right choice. How can we quickly find the best manufacturer by choosing one with high quality, efficiency, and service?

1. Look at the manufacturer's SMT Technology equipment, PCB Assembly processing and production require highly specialized and well-equipped equipment, such as high-speed surface mount machines, multi temperature zone reflow soldering, etc. If a manufacturer has a lot of advanced production equipment, it indicates that it has a certain production capacity.

2. Look PCBA Generally speaking, the quotation for manufacturing and production is relatively transparent, including high and low prices, but it is not a "low price win". Some manufacturers may purchase original components through formal channels and implement strict quality control, resulting in increased processing costs; Some manufacturers intentionally cut corners to lower prices. Therefore, we should choose manufacturers with high cost-effectiveness based on our actual needs for quality, efficiency, service, and service.

3. Check the product placement of the manufacturer, mainly observing whether the placement of incoming materials, semi-finished products, products to be inspected, and finished products is reasonable and clear, whether it meets the standards, and whether protective measures such as turnover vehicles and electrostatic boxes can be used to improve product safety and reliability. By handling these details, it can reflect whether the manufacturer has a strong ability to grasp the details of each process step in the manufacturing process.

4. Look PCB The service attitude of the manufacturer. A processing manufacturer with a good service attitude can proactively take responsibility, respond quickly to enterprise needs, and help enterprises solve problems. Only with a good sense of service can we enhance the trust of enterprises and better promote order cooperation.

5.PCB Assembly board manufacturers start from every detail. Only processing manufacturers can meet the above standard requirements and adhere to the business philosophy of paying attention to details, high service, high quality, and high efficiency. This indicates that PCBA SMT processing factory is a very suitable choice with a certain comprehensive strength, worthy of your trust and reliance.

No matter which stage your design is in, we are happy to assist you in completing the project through any channel. At your request, iPCB It's a professional company PCBA Prototype manufacturer, we will include it in your P Design early to provide you with DFM Suggestion. Once the project progresses, we will provide you with a sampling delivery cycle and a flexible one-stop solution pcb Assembly and manufacturing arrangements.

Please learn more about PCBA Manufacturer's products: PCBA product